Table 16.2a. Relative standard errors (%) of total tree volume by species group, age class and boreal zone in Canada.
Boreal zone Species group Age (years) Total
1-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161-180 181-200 201+ Other1
Non-boreal Unclassified 30.86 25.46 79.11 72.24 100.56 100.56 - - - - - 0.00 18.26
Unspecified hardwoods 10.96 14.87 17.94 48.63 23.31 65.18 100.00 - - - - 0.00 7.61
Unspecified conifers 11.59 11.85 19.97 42.76 31.56 - - - - - - 0.00 7.61
Larch 25.81 16.33 16.25 17.63 22.60 25.42 25.37 35.82 37.91 48.43 30.01 - 9.01
Other hardwoods 23.68 15.13 13.10 12.06 15.06 29.40 48.08 61.06 100.00 100.00 53.11 - 6.76
Birch 11.77 8.06 7.75 7.09 6.92 14.24 20.42 36.09 78.44 94.06 84.17 - 3.59
Poplar 9.18 5.98 5.82 6.77 8.80 19.73 14.32 23.28 36.67 42.09 41.46 - 3.67
Cedar & other conifers 30.39 16.89 15.72 13.75 10.70 14.62 20.06 32.56 25.44 22.24 8.63 - 6.75
Maple 14.78 8.23 5.62 5.97 6.10 11.53 26.48 34.05 77.33 - 81.06 0.00 3.11
Douglas-fir 25.98 24.66 20.27 20.57 12.97 11.19 11.63 12.26 14.31 16.74 13.45 - 4.86
Pine 16.70 7.85 9.21 7.65 7.52 8.09 8.44 11.72 19.84 17.54 14.32 - 3.24
Fir 12.59 6.43 5.10 6.97 8.15 12.75 11.46 12.16 13.03 11.98 7.24 - 3.62
Spruce 11.29 7.15 7.68 4.91 5.72 8.69 9.75 9.90 11.51 11.60 7.68 0.00 2.85
Hemlock 23.42 17.29 16.19 20.64 17.53 17.17 14.94 21.46 16.24 24.22 6.83 - 5.27
Subtotal 4.15 2.82 2.83 2.97 2.92 4.18 4.52 5.24 6.44 6.25 3.67 0.00 1.43
Boreal Unclassified 56.65 41.10 59.31 71.38 82.28 99.99 96.67 99.99 99.99 - - 0.00 37.25
Other hardwoods 34.42 28.31 22.99 19.55 20.86 18.26 57.77 57.17 80.53 100.00 - 0.00 9.30
Cedar & other conifers 76.52 42.96 22.51 15.66 21.54 23.13 24.49 34.89 60.46 - - - 10.54
Unspecified hardwoods 11.89 18.78 40.57 81.16 - - 100.00 - - - - - 9.97
Maple 48.69 31.89 31.87 25.14 48.36 82.61 - - - - - - 18.29
Unspecified conifers 8.62 9.38 25.86 36.05 60.63 - - - - - - 0.00 6.22
Larch 18.76 6.89 5.90 5.71 6.41 7.35 9.15 14.07 24.05 30.18 48.43 0.00 2.71
Birch 8.33 6.57 6.69 6.78 7.16 10.08 21.49 36.09 44.30 68.03 89.96 0.00 3.37
Fir 15.53 7.64 7.48 8.61 5.77 10.47 9.41 12.89 17.13 20.91 14.98 0.00 3.09
Pine 6.41 4.44 5.26 5.63 5.58 7.63 9.27 13.18 18.19 46.52 29.24 0.00 2.44
Poplar 6.63 5.14 5.27 4.12 3.97 6.05 10.99 18.65 37.72 48.15 52.84 0.00 2.10
Spruce 8.76 4.12 2.80 2.51 2.26 2.22 2.14 3.75 8.23 15.12 9.79 0.00 1.02
Subtotal 3.27 2.22 2.03 1.91 1.74 1.93 2.03 3.47 6.69 12.15 7.87 0.00 0.79
Canada Unclassified 38.48 22.66 71.27 56.89 70.24 86.90 96.67 99.99 99.99 - - 0.00 21.54
Unspecified hardwoods 8.16 11.70 17.60 48.35 23.31 65.18 99.48 - - - - 0.00 6.05
Other hardwoods 19.53 14.17 12.43 11.42 13.57 23.38 39.25 41.73 73.42 95.21 53.11 0.00 6.21
Unspecified conifers 7.07 7.62 17.10 31.48 28.14 - - - - - - 0.00 4.94
Larch 16.86 6.35 5.56 5.51 7.42 8.45 9.95 14.44 23.20 34.54 27.47 0.00 2.97
Cedar & other conifers 29.56 16.69 15.33 12.73 9.77 12.60 16.62 29.06 24.69 22.24 8.63 - 6.59
Maple 14.64 8.00 5.56 5.81 6.11 11.50 26.48 34.05 77.33 - 81.06 0.00 3.08
Birch 6.81 5.11 5.10 4.90 5.09 8.24 14.81 27.17 38.69 55.29 62.76 0.00 2.46
Douglas-fir 25.98 24.66 20.27 20.57 12.97 11.19 11.63 12.26 14.31 16.74 13.45 - 4.86
Hemlock 23.42 17.29 16.19 20.64 17.53 17.17 14.94 21.46 16.24 24.22 6.83 - 5.27
Fir 9.84 4.99 4.32 5.44 4.76 8.17 7.33 9.11 10.50 10.62 6.72 0.00 2.62
Pine 5.99 3.87 4.57 4.58 4.78 5.55 6.26 8.76 13.81 17.29 13.21 0.00 1.96
Poplar 5.61 3.99 4.16 3.65 3.63 6.06 9.33 14.92 31.54 32.43 33.24 0.00 1.84
Spruce 7.24 3.65 2.67 2.28 2.11 2.17 2.10 3.55 6.70 9.21 6.10 0.00 0.96
Total 2.63 1.75 1.66 1.61 1.51 1.75 1.87 2.93 4.65 5.56 3.42 0.00 0.73
Source: Canada's National Forest Inventory, combined remeasured (2007-2017) and projected (2006-2017 with NFI projection system) data (Version 3.1, October 2025) (http://nfi.nfis.org)
Note: The Non-boreal zone in the Arctic ecozones (Arctic Cordillera, Northern Arctic, Southern Arctic) are not inventoried. The total land and water area amounts to approximately 252,202.08 thousand ha.
1 Missing or unknown age class.