Table 18.2a. Relative standard errors (%) of total above-ground biomass on forest land by species group, age class and boreal zone in Canada.
Boreal zone Species group Age (years) Total
1-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161-180 181-200 201+ Other1
Non-boreal Unclassified 30.80 25.40 75.62 74.03 100.56 100.56 - - - - - 4.75 4.76
Unspecified conifers 11.24 11.84 20.10 42.46 32.16 - - - - - - 75.80 7.54
Unspecified hardwoods 11.16 15.20 17.99 49.94 22.78 65.48 100.00 - - - - 100.51 7.78
Larch 23.87 16.41 16.18 16.89 22.27 25.35 24.74 37.11 37.98 47.73 28.53 - 8.66
Other hardwoods 26.56 14.25 12.55 11.56 14.65 28.01 46.17 60.97 100.00 100.00 51.12 - 6.46
Birch 13.19 8.33 7.61 7.02 6.86 14.20 20.11 36.75 76.14 92.13 82.90 - 3.57
Poplar 9.61 5.90 5.64 6.59 8.65 18.52 14.30 22.83 36.78 41.66 41.25 - 3.52
Cedar & other conifers 25.89 16.35 14.84 13.14 10.37 14.08 19.13 31.33 25.39 21.44 8.53 - 6.52
Maple 17.61 9.02 5.68 6.02 6.07 11.57 26.57 35.54 75.41 - 78.10 100.51 3.14
Douglas-fir 25.07 23.10 19.55 19.84 12.32 10.86 11.23 11.64 14.30 16.49 13.08 - 4.68
Pine 15.49 7.83 8.96 7.55 7.26 7.95 8.18 11.44 18.31 17.01 13.83 - 3.09
Hemlock 21.61 16.29 15.83 19.82 16.81 16.65 14.71 21.08 15.92 24.12 6.75 - 5.11
Fir 13.20 6.58 5.03 7.09 8.25 12.21 10.80 11.94 12.14 12.00 6.97 - 3.33
Spruce 11.75 7.11 7.14 4.71 5.49 8.22 9.25 9.38 10.91 11.28 7.54 99.95 2.67
Subtotal 4.20 2.84 2.73 2.86 2.78 4.00 4.37 5.05 6.02 6.18 3.59 4.75 1.33
Boreal Other hardwoods 34.84 26.90 24.27 22.31 24.25 17.49 59.12 57.56 72.25 100.00 - 72.74 10.32
Cedar & other conifers 78.33 50.95 22.85 15.47 21.14 21.87 24.33 35.27 60.62 - - - 10.02
Unspecified hardwoods 12.16 19.30 40.75 79.63 - - 100.00 - - - - - 10.21
Maple 59.38 32.19 32.07 24.82 47.43 82.25 - - - - - - 18.12
Unclassified 56.42 40.65 60.80 79.69 77.72 99.99 97.39 99.99 99.99 - - 3.43 3.94
Unspecified conifers 8.51 9.47 26.52 36.45 57.73 - - - - - - 100.00 6.24
Larch 19.30 7.13 6.38 6.12 6.64 7.70 9.33 14.04 23.13 33.08 47.02 62.81 2.85
Birch 8.42 6.71 6.72 6.71 7.29 10.16 20.06 34.35 43.39 68.07 90.88 62.57 3.44
Fir 15.37 7.68 7.46 8.18 5.70 10.31 8.98 13.01 17.10 20.57 15.00 61.25 2.98
Pine 7.08 4.66 5.69 5.55 5.52 7.51 9.05 13.30 17.54 43.89 27.47 70.15 2.46
Poplar 7.04 5.13 5.20 4.07 3.98 5.96 10.64 18.14 35.51 46.53 48.04 74.69 2.08
Spruce 7.73 3.88 2.96 2.45 2.23 2.20 2.14 3.57 8.06 15.62 9.49 32.51 1.00
Subtotal 3.33 2.19 2.09 1.86 1.72 1.90 2.00 3.27 6.56 11.96 7.65 3.40 0.78
Canada Unspecified hardwoods 8.35 11.98 17.68 49.69 22.78 65.48 95.07 - - - - 100.51 6.19
Unclassified 38.39 22.52 58.85 54.33 63.30 82.48 97.39 99.99 99.99 - - 2.80 3.11
Other hardwoods 21.72 13.40 11.88 10.77 13.30 22.34 37.03 41.96 64.10 94.20 51.12 72.74 5.91
Unspecified conifers 6.95 7.67 17.43 31.71 28.41 - - - - - - 60.42 4.95
Larch 17.26 6.56 5.97 5.82 7.80 8.71 9.89 15.00 24.47 36.03 26.22 62.81 3.09
Cedar & other conifers 25.35 16.07 14.43 12.10 9.46 12.09 15.86 27.85 24.57 21.44 8.53 - 6.36
Maple 17.51 8.78 5.61 5.85 6.06 11.54 26.57 35.54 75.41 - 78.10 100.51 3.10
Douglas-fir 25.07 23.10 19.55 19.84 12.32 10.86 11.23 11.64 14.30 16.49 13.08 - 4.68
Birch 7.15 5.26 5.07 4.85 5.12 8.29 14.20 27.33 37.94 54.93 62.87 62.57 2.48
Hemlock 21.61 16.29 15.83 19.82 16.81 16.65 14.71 21.08 15.92 24.12 6.75 - 5.11
Fir 10.22 5.08 4.29 5.37 4.76 7.92 6.94 9.03 9.95 10.67 6.48 61.25 2.40
Pine 6.45 4.01 4.81 4.50 4.67 5.46 6.09 8.68 12.93 16.30 12.64 70.15 1.93
Poplar 5.91 3.95 4.06 3.57 3.62 5.89 9.01 14.49 29.33 32.23 32.16 74.69 1.81
Spruce 6.57 3.43 2.74 2.22 2.08 2.14 2.09 3.34 6.52 9.20 5.93 32.48 0.94
Total 2.65 1.74 1.66 1.56 1.47 1.72 1.83 2.75 4.43 5.49 3.34 2.79 0.70
Source: Canada's National Forest Inventory, combined remeasured (2007-2017) and projected (2006-2017 with NFI projection system) data (Version 3.1, October 2025) (http://nfi.nfis.org)
Note: The Non-boreal zone in the Arctic ecozones (Arctic Cordillera, Northern Arctic, Southern Arctic) are not inventoried. The total land and water area amounts to approximately 252,202.08 thousand ha.
1 Missing or unknown age class.