Table 14.4. Area (1000 ha) of forest land by species group, age class and managed forest region in Canada.
Managed forests Species group Age (years) Total
1-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161-180 181-200 201+ Other1
0 Larch - 0.51 0.36 0.23 0.01 - - - - - - - 1.11
Unspecified hardwoods 0.82 0.74 0.73 0.84 0.02 0.06 - - - - - - 3.22
Unspecified conifers 0.79 0.80 0.82 1.01 <0.01 - - - - - - - 3.43
Douglas-fir - 0.43 - 0.10 2.41 3.76 3.37 0.37 0.11 - 1.42 - 11.97
Hemlock - 0.42 1.18 1.90 0.66 1.98 0.86 0.01 0.93 0.32 10.94 - 19.19
Other hardwoods 0.73 6.98 14.05 9.79 4.38 0.12 <0.01 0.12 - - 0.04 - 36.23
Unclassified - 0.02 1.17 1.94 0.67 0.74 0.49 0.93 0.16 - - 36.03 42.14
Fir 0.99 28.98 23.66 24.61 6.48 - 3.05 - - - 0.36 - 88.13
Pine <0.01 5.32 14.79 55.88 21.68 7.23 0.22 - 0.11 0.03 0.18 - 105.45
Cedar & other conifers 0.14 0.78 9.94 32.21 23.78 0.61 9.44 0.53 0.54 1.23 28.73 - 107.93
Birch 7.75 27.44 48.60 35.03 1.65 0.05 0.09 - - - - - 120.61
Spruce 0.75 23.61 63.20 43.30 34.66 14.32 32.49 7.54 7.43 - 3.40 - 230.69
Poplar 3.00 28.38 18.13 19.51 132.46 77.22 - - - - - - 278.70
Maple 0.11 64.86 16.75 39.91 10.53 186.50 - - - - - 0.14 318.80
Subtotal 15.10 189.28 213.38 266.26 239.40 292.60 50.00 9.51 9.27 1.57 45.08 36.16 1 367.61
11 Other hardwoods 30.38 99.21 110.43 97.25 68.30 32.76 4.30 2.30 0.15 1.72 10.91 4.24 461.96
Unspecified hardwoods 900.35 164.10 12.83 1.23 11.79 0.60 0.64 - - - - - 1 091.55
Cedar & other conifers 69.59 77.15 113.60 108.05 185.68 140.71 74.40 52.90 50.27 81.48 1 388.09 - 2 341.92
Maple 73.51 253.03 603.80 738.71 1 054.84 177.11 25.38 9.26 16.17 - 1.09 - 2 952.91
Unspecified conifers 1 870.85 1 049.28 157.74 7.97 2.09 - - - - - - - 3 087.92
Douglas-fir 139.48 119.43 193.73 207.88 396.97 404.22 496.77 470.08 183.68 138.42 648.07 - 3 398.73
Hemlock 191.75 261.24 236.58 164.82 211.99 112.03 139.84 68.82 91.78 81.36 2 348.73 - 3 908.93
Larch 195.47 316.32 774.60 878.70 818.93 517.11 270.66 96.33 23.88 11.76 64.12 13.74 3 981.62
Unclassified 75.43 33.43 2.76 2.41 1.01 0.91 0.66 - - - - 6 050.08 6 166.69
Birch 592.61 1 448.54 1 905.38 1 719.71 1 692.08 495.74 129.57 41.37 4.00 0.87 6.87 2.50 8 039.22
Fir 622.36 1 907.91 1 838.71 1 521.64 1 818.57 815.57 786.52 709.44 728.47 476.41 3 169.55 4.27 14 399.40
Poplar 2 248.44 2 339.92 2 639.92 5 119.58 3 466.16 1 918.05 959.07 319.46 43.79 12.83 26.36 0.54 19 094.12
Pine 3 218.17 3 446.05 2 403.18 3 059.49 2 992.39 2 160.50 1 825.86 976.69 398.03 196.00 500.65 3.39 21 180.42
Spruce 2 089.47 4 648.55 7 889.39 11 345.60 10 618.96 5 816.62 7 439.24 2 678.64 1 479.03 457.46 2 026.37 32.67 56 521.99
Subtotal 12 317.84 16 164.16 18 882.65 24 973.03 23 339.76 12 591.93 12 152.92 5 425.28 3 019.25 1 458.32 10 190.80 6 111.43 146 627.38
12 Other hardwoods - 0.62 4.72 4.72 4.14 0.28 1.98 2.35 - - - - 18.82
Unspecified hardwoods 13.96 6.37 3.32 0.11 - - - - - - - - 23.76
Cedar & other conifers 0.69 0.42 3.84 8.18 3.58 3.06 2.84 0.51 0.02 0.20 16.21 - 39.55
Unspecified conifers 15.78 23.84 3.79 1.59 0.68 - - - - - - 1.22 46.90
Hemlock 1.24 16.99 29.82 19.22 19.36 10.55 9.04 4.00 8.37 0.61 69.39 - 188.61
Birch 13.57 32.64 49.37 128.13 30.41 18.22 4.16 2.25 - - 0.10 - 278.86
Maple 6.35 10.75 63.84 192.17 67.09 30.69 3.53 2.02 1.91 - 0.06 - 378.41
Fir 8.16 36.05 58.75 38.49 57.67 14.82 54.87 25.30 17.27 16.97 80.89 - 409.24
Douglas-fir 9.48 11.13 28.95 32.41 48.18 72.33 87.03 54.70 18.23 23.52 55.02 - 440.98
Larch 24.98 97.03 129.85 175.43 175.67 116.78 55.95 38.16 27.27 6.24 2.58 - 849.93
Unclassified - 0.63 - - - - - - - - - 1 353.04 1 353.67
Poplar 319.49 390.49 485.66 747.68 381.98 105.97 30.76 27.99 1.57 0.67 2.31 0.17 2 494.75
Pine 417.20 546.77 434.52 475.89 367.93 172.80 81.86 31.30 6.99 7.31 23.30 0.33 2 566.19
Spruce 274.64 1 575.12 1 163.03 1 752.13 1 713.57 818.91 462.37 213.29 38.73 8.05 80.26 - 8 100.09
Subtotal 1 105.53 2 748.86 2 459.46 3 576.15 2 870.28 1 364.42 794.39 401.88 120.34 63.56 330.12 1 354.76 17 189.76
13 Hemlock - - - - 0.15 0.10 - - - - - - 0.24
Cedar & other conifers - - 1.81 1.60 1.00 0.64 0.43 1.57 - - - - 7.06
Unspecified hardwoods 33.06 5.96 1.33 0.47 - - - - - - - - 40.83
Maple 1.16 3.37 13.88 40.53 7.23 1.18 - - - - - - 67.34
Other hardwoods 0.33 0.93 27.07 2.79 16.31 28.55 1.69 0.15 - - - - 77.82
Unspecified conifers 94.80 121.93 15.35 13.12 - - - - - - - - 245.20
Birch 543.95 421.17 375.14 252.67 165.65 83.70 8.63 0.91 - 2.89 - - 1 854.70
Fir 5.66 138.51 261.00 351.57 701.48 459.57 351.75 139.52 15.77 5.08 2.85 - 2 432.77
Larch 153.48 490.63 668.80 514.99 390.87 271.50 115.46 185.93 7.18 2.51 3.18 - 2 804.53
Unclassified 8.38 - - - - - 0.01 - - - - 5 871.81 5 880.20
Poplar 405.37 581.82 450.84 1 044.25 2 690.24 703.82 23.21 3.27 - 7.09 2.01 - 5 911.92
Pine 1 452.21 3 077.51 1 590.63 1 201.07 757.55 569.49 141.28 6.12 26.58 - - - 8 822.44
Spruce 632.48 3 838.15 8 231.79 7 169.02 10 697.72 29 822.59 20 943.90 7 462.65 191.00 58.20 554.15 17.35 89 618.98
Subtotal 3 330.88 8 679.98 11 637.64 10 592.08 15 428.21 31 941.14 21 586.35 7 800.12 240.53 75.76 562.19 5 889.15 117 764.04
20 Unspecified hardwoods 24.28 13.16 13.50 1.43 2.85 0.37 - - - - - - 55.59
Other hardwoods 2.24 15.19 37.06 22.60 53.82 13.02 2.54 5.26 0.29 0.54 0.15 - 152.72
Unspecified conifers 44.84 99.51 10.18 4.62 1.81 - - - - - - - 160.96
Douglas-fir - 0.49 15.52 27.98 61.43 109.07 49.72 49.48 18.81 11.61 81.76 - 425.86
Cedar & other conifers 1.09 4.57 15.64 17.06 26.68 27.03 9.65 15.88 23.30 45.92 519.38 - 706.21
Maple 3.71 78.78 213.94 263.64 223.03 51.41 1.20 3.94 - - - - 839.64
Hemlock - 12.75 35.88 13.36 20.28 38.27 29.90 29.04 39.50 22.74 673.74 - 915.47
Larch 51.37 148.70 163.46 244.68 191.05 146.44 59.75 25.58 8.10 4.42 3.77 0.50 1 047.82
Unclassified 5.08 10.81 - - 0.02 - - - - - - 1 058.93 1 074.84
Birch 93.81 317.63 326.46 266.34 269.33 61.68 10.44 2.79 0.22 - - - 1 348.69
Fir 23.03 227.81 320.31 261.36 470.94 227.90 266.02 255.42 196.64 116.60 821.79 - 3 187.81
Poplar 210.38 428.47 750.32 1 132.74 668.07 262.76 71.53 11.91 3.34 2.09 16.02 - 3 557.62
Pine 546.79 862.41 648.94 943.31 712.54 418.36 421.33 309.42 142.18 49.33 233.91 - 5 288.52
Spruce 142.30 1 025.81 2 030.69 3 035.43 2 853.61 4 287.86 3 904.15 736.44 256.03 137.89 945.09 16.11 19 371.42
Subtotal 1 148.91 3 246.10 4 581.90 6 234.56 5 555.46 5 644.17 4 826.24 1 445.15 688.41 391.14 3 295.62 1 075.54 38 133.19
31 Hemlock - - - - - - - - 0.13 - 0.23 - 0.36
Unspecified hardwoods - - 0.79 - - - - - - - - - 0.79
Cedar & other conifers - - - - - - - - - 0.16 1.52 - 1.68
Other hardwoods - 0.70 2.12 5.63 1.65 2.38 - - - - - - 12.49
Unclassified - - - - - - - - - - - 12.68 12.68
Fir - 0.48 21.17 2.26 - - 0.46 - - - - - 24.36
Birch 3.56 0.83 6.81 14.47 0.86 - - - - - - - 26.53
Douglas-fir - 7.91 5.69 2.11 1.25 3.95 2.24 2.48 2.37 <0.01 10.32 - 38.32
Maple 14.81 11.91 24.82 8.77 18.41 0.39 - - - - - - 79.11
Larch 0.86 9.68 8.88 23.04 22.03 11.09 9.77 2.97 0.80 - 1.03 - 90.15
Poplar 20.01 64.82 14.13 73.43 13.01 23.03 4.82 - - - - - 213.24
Pine 10.33 140.82 7.13 43.57 11.09 20.84 9.28 0.22 - - 0.18 - 243.47
Spruce 17.61 95.43 47.80 92.42 78.79 36.72 21.39 125.57 18.26 0.63 0.08 - 534.69
Subtotal 67.18 332.57 139.34 265.71 147.09 98.40 47.95 131.24 21.57 0.80 13.35 12.68 1 277.87
32 Unspecified hardwoods 1.27 0.90 0.13 0.36 2.06 - - - - - - - 4.72
Unspecified conifers 3.85 1.06 - - - - - - - - - - 4.92
Hemlock - 0.03 1.64 0.62 2.18 0.49 0.63 - 1.30 - 2.35 - 9.24
Other hardwoods - 2.59 6.04 4.07 0.24 3.50 0.31 - - - - - 16.73
Larch 0.44 1.44 4.66 8.40 3.51 1.43 0.60 - - 0.59 - - 21.06
Fir 0.45 2.95 3.54 8.45 5.21 0.32 0.21 - - - 0.01 - 21.14
Unclassified - - - - - - - - - - - 40.52 40.52
Cedar & other conifers 0.11 4.04 18.11 9.07 2.15 5.07 - - - <0.01 6.56 - 45.12
Maple 2.05 12.82 17.10 26.09 14.32 7.58 1.07 - - - - - 81.04
Birch 1.46 44.23 27.38 13.09 2.23 2.95 0.38 - - - - - 91.71
Douglas-fir 0.07 0.65 0.83 1.22 13.03 15.54 11.09 19.44 5.79 16.09 43.42 - 127.18
Pine 20.95 39.62 34.65 13.51 79.76 7.20 7.64 7.91 1.17 - 2.76 - 215.15
Spruce 4.72 103.23 73.86 95.20 54.51 54.71 53.45 15.99 0.12 2.19 1.42 - 459.41
Poplar 105.72 163.52 127.30 82.10 73.72 37.68 4.64 2.60 - 1.65 - - 598.92
Subtotal 141.08 377.09 315.24 262.19 252.93 136.46 79.99 45.93 8.38 20.52 56.52 40.52 1 736.86
33 Unspecified hardwoods 2.23 4.33 3.16 - 0.17 0.20 - - - - - - 10.09
Unspecified conifers 6.87 19.86 0.53 0.31 0.02 - - - - - - - 27.60
Other hardwoods 0.03 1.10 19.58 7.05 2.57 1.56 0.17 - 1.50 - 0.18 - 33.74
Maple 1.43 7.58 33.39 40.39 26.13 23.05 <0.01 0.28 - - 0.28 - 132.53
Birch 28.09 30.57 26.80 18.41 23.51 10.26 0.66 0.91 0.20 - - - 139.40
Cedar & other conifers 2.58 21.08 4.09 0.85 6.21 3.44 7.48 5.32 2.10 2.59 128.12 - 183.86
Larch 19.81 35.88 58.36 69.70 41.69 24.39 59.19 8.20 4.39 5.58 8.55 - 335.74
Douglas-fir 11.76 14.51 27.67 44.84 59.79 95.62 74.66 58.07 16.14 17.51 30.06 - 450.63
Hemlock 5.79 26.84 34.26 17.90 23.84 6.42 12.65 14.97 17.95 5.38 306.21 - 472.21
Unclassified 1.44 4.62 - - - - - - - - - 595.60 601.67
Poplar 206.30 160.53 199.33 198.01 114.02 75.43 64.65 21.80 1.19 1.95 2.15 - 1 045.36
Fir 13.64 51.83 76.81 64.66 63.97 94.92 101.03 113.05 140.92 186.96 494.05 - 1 401.83
Pine 255.93 237.43 165.18 262.67 221.26 122.27 96.30 38.93 22.97 32.46 28.73 - 1 484.12
Spruce 109.78 565.90 365.48 548.23 448.39 226.83 903.16 175.89 48.89 22.17 278.15 0.01 3 692.89
Subtotal 665.70 1 182.06 1 014.64 1 273.02 1 031.56 684.38 1 319.94 437.43 256.24 274.59 1 276.49 595.61 10 011.66
40 Unspecified hardwoods 0.51 - 0.33 - - - - - - - - - 0.84
Douglas-fir 0.06 - - - 0.27 1.10 - - - - - - 1.42
Other hardwoods - - - 0.78 - 0.84 - - - - - - 1.62
Cedar & other conifers - 1.83 - - 0.33 0.35 - 0.20 - 0.37 5.74 - 8.82
Unspecified conifers 0.42 11.16 3.47 - - - - - - - - - 15.05
Fir 0.29 3.54 9.12 2.95 22.39 0.38 0.64 3.06 - - 4.09 - 46.47
Unclassified - - - - - - - - - - - 62.67 62.67
Hemlock 0.18 2.85 6.13 - 2.47 - 1.86 1.43 2.16 1.13 106.11 - 124.31
Birch 48.83 22.90 33.88 7.15 10.06 - 0.17 2.79 - - - - 125.79
Larch 3.69 36.17 45.88 59.81 33.71 14.96 24.46 11.87 - - 1.36 - 231.91
Pine 17.73 86.03 75.65 75.46 15.37 23.93 44.13 7.33 - - 0.91 - 346.55
Poplar 63.68 77.97 55.04 106.05 233.73 165.37 1.58 4.26 0.58 - - - 708.28
Spruce 30.39 186.76 460.58 527.71 479.43 2 271.63 1 009.58 230.11 34.60 22.39 38.90 - 5 292.09
Subtotal 165.78 429.21 690.09 779.92 797.78 2 478.55 1 082.42 261.05 37.34 23.89 157.11 62.67 6 965.82
50 Larch 12.23 45.19 104.79 56.82 28.86 26.63 5.60 8.07 3.38 - 3.09 - 294.67
Hemlock 13.52 43.85 39.26 60.16 49.16 14.96 6.89 3.20 4.99 0.76 79.20 - 315.94
Unspecified hardwoods 260.45 166.69 88.56 19.43 28.69 0.86 - - - - - 0.06 564.74
Cedar & other conifers 10.33 80.30 196.24 167.06 114.58 68.15 22.50 8.53 5.45 0.48 34.62 - 708.24
Unspecified conifers 378.43 279.19 66.29 29.00 3.73 - - - - - - 2.08 758.71
Other hardwoods 29.33 122.77 232.15 275.65 126.65 23.82 2.79 0.04 - 0.88 1.55 - 815.64
Douglas-fir 33.57 51.50 102.91 103.59 109.06 124.34 139.86 54.43 30.20 19.99 56.20 - 825.65
Pine 91.88 227.88 194.56 213.09 144.97 54.96 47.72 24.96 3.51 1.90 3.54 0.67 1 009.65
Unclassified 36.35 44.08 0.11 0.03 - - - - - - - 1 354.51 1 435.08
Birch 163.30 376.95 385.06 351.92 149.98 73.61 4.92 2.13 - - - - 1 507.88
Fir 202.64 567.89 771.90 529.18 167.77 35.49 11.94 1.43 - 6.99 2.25 - 2 297.49
Spruce 220.70 584.08 903.38 955.54 502.59 216.88 81.35 28.67 13.71 4.21 4.13 0.04 3 515.27
Maple 178.80 359.29 1 577.47 1 539.16 917.95 241.09 39.24 7.88 2.47 - - 0.05 4 863.40
Poplar 650.63 1 296.22 1 315.64 1 203.90 675.09 199.91 73.62 25.38 3.37 7.13 5.66 0.02 5 456.56
Subtotal 2 282.16 4 245.87 5 978.33 5 504.53 3 019.09 1 080.71 436.43 164.72 67.08 42.32 190.25 1 357.43 24 368.93
100 Other hardwoods 0.41 0.56 4.16 3.65 2.40 0.93 2.74 - - - 0.25 - 15.10
Cedar & other conifers 0.05 0.37 1.54 2.01 2.99 0.52 0.07 0.50 0.18 - 7.10 - 15.33
Unspecified hardwoods 7.87 4.46 1.75 0.10 1.16 0.00 - - - - - - 15.34
Hemlock <0.01 0.14 1.17 2.03 1.06 0.24 1.80 0.13 0.71 0.15 7.97 - 15.41
Douglas-fir 0.06 0.13 1.22 0.90 1.20 2.79 3.34 3.42 0.45 0.10 2.90 - 16.49
Maple 0.22 2.59 12.66 14.65 6.32 2.02 0.22 0.02 0.02 - - - 38.73
Unspecified conifers 16.28 23.75 1.76 - - - - - - - - - 41.80
Larch 4.07 4.95 13.26 14.48 12.08 2.92 2.67 0.64 0.54 0.09 - 0.01 55.70
Birch 13.55 30.20 32.04 30.72 31.84 10.02 3.04 0.57 - - - - 151.99
Fir 2.12 26.16 36.74 17.55 48.06 4.40 7.60 2.21 0.85 0.85 6.93 0.08 153.55
Unclassified 0.42 0.24 0.04 0.65 0.03 - - - - - - 190.43 191.81
Poplar 52.94 56.05 71.82 85.12 98.70 45.14 10.54 3.81 0.71 0.48 1.86 - 427.18
Pine 49.22 116.22 101.69 77.28 60.80 19.90 15.93 5.00 1.20 1.68 4.79 - 453.73
Spruce 23.64 247.87 338.28 313.18 531.44 513.82 650.84 213.60 17.49 3.52 27.27 0.02 2 880.95
Subtotal 170.86 513.69 618.13 562.33 798.08 602.69 698.78 229.91 22.16 6.86 59.07 190.55 4 473.12
Canada Other hardwoods 63.45 250.65 457.39 433.99 280.46 107.77 16.52 10.22 1.95 3.14 13.09 4.24 1 642.87
Unspecified hardwoods 1 244.80 366.71 126.43 23.98 46.74 2.10 0.64 - - - - 0.06 1 811.46
Cedar & other conifers 84.59 190.55 364.81 346.09 366.99 249.59 126.80 85.94 81.87 132.43 2 136.07 - 4 165.72
Unspecified conifers 2 432.91 1 630.40 259.92 57.62 8.33 - - - - - - 3.30 4 392.49
Douglas-fir 194.47 206.19 376.52 421.02 693.59 832.73 868.06 712.47 275.77 227.23 929.17 - 5 737.23
Hemlock 212.48 365.11 385.93 280.00 331.14 185.03 203.47 121.60 167.83 112.46 3 604.87 - 5 969.92
Larch 466.39 1 186.50 1 972.89 2 046.31 1 718.42 1 133.25 604.10 377.73 75.54 31.18 87.70 14.25 9 714.25
Maple 282.14 804.97 2 577.65 2 904.03 2 345.86 721.03 70.65 23.40 20.57 - 1.42 0.19 9 751.91
Birch 1 510.47 2 753.09 3 216.92 2 837.64 2 377.60 756.22 162.06 53.72 4.41 3.76 6.97 2.50 13 685.38
Unclassified 127.10 93.84 4.07 5.03 1.73 1.65 1.17 0.93 0.16 - - 16 626.28 16 861.95
Fir 879.34 2 992.12 3 421.70 2 822.73 3 362.54 1 653.36 1 584.08 1 249.44 1 099.91 809.85 4 582.77 4.35 24 462.19
Poplar 4 285.96 5 588.19 6 128.13 9 812.37 8 547.19 3 614.38 1 244.43 420.49 54.53 33.88 56.37 0.73 39 786.65
Pine 6 080.43 8 786.05 5 670.93 6 421.23 5 385.37 3 577.47 2 691.54 1 407.89 602.74 288.71 798.96 4.38 41 715.71
Spruce 3 546.49 12 894.50 21 567.48 25 877.75 28 013.67 44 080.89 35 501.90 11 888.38 2 105.28 716.70 3 959.22 66.20 190 218.47
Subtotal 21 411.02 38 108.87 46 530.80 54 289.79 53 479.64 56 915.47 43 075.42 16 352.22 4 490.56 2 359.34 16 176.60 16 726.49 369 916.22
Source: Canada's National Forest Inventory, combined remeasured (2007-2017) and projected (2006-2017 with NFI projection system) data< (Version 3, November 2023) (http://nfi.nfis.org)
Note: The Arctic ecozones (Arctic Cordillera, Northern Arctic, Southern Arctic), and the Taiga Plains and Hudson Plains ecozones located in Nunavut, are not inventoried. These non-inventoried areas total 262,189.89 thousand ha.
1 Missing or unknown age class.
Managed forest
Code Description
0 Not available
11 Long term volume or area based Crown timber dispositions
12 Short term volume or area based Crown timber dispositions
13 No current Crown timber dispostions
20 Legal protection status (IUCN class IA, IB, II, III, IV, V, VI equivalent)
31 Reserved by the Federal government for military or other purposes
32 Reserved by the Federal government under the Indian Act
33 Reserved or designated restricted use by provincial or territorial government
40 Aboriginal lands
50 Privately-owned lands
100 Water