Table 5C.1a. Relative standard errors (%) for annual change in area of forest land by forest type, age class and terrestrial ecozone in Canada.
Terrestrial ecozone Forest type Age (years) Total
1-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161-180 181-200 201+ Other1
Taiga Plains Treed Mixedwood 39.19 22.41 15.98 38.78 5.81 6.32 33.11 83.89 37.45 200.0* 94.85 - 4.12
Treed Broadleaf 29.02 25.92 13.46 8.45 9.65 44.78 44.81 38.26 88.57 - - - 5.51
Non-treed 74.81 70.46 99.99 82.76 95.32 - - - - - - 40.59 39.28
Treed Coniferous 27.84 16.71 12.86 11.64 2.03 2.31 39.37 51.18 35.19 46.87 55.08 - 1.54
Subtotal 17.96 12.53 8.42 6.80 1.90 2.19 25.56 35.57 29.16 47.29 49.67 40.59 1.40
Taiga Shield Non-treed - 100.08 99.99 85.20 - - - - - - - 15.25 15.41
Treed Mixedwood 41.13 24.30 31.53 23.81 16.89 5.99 6.93 51.33 - - - - 4.20
Treed Broadleaf 38.09 33.29 53.19 36.03 8.68 8.47 98.28 - - - - - 5.86
Treed Coniferous 39.03 12.08 9.82 6.37 12.79 5.33 2.33 3.61 44.25 60.61 21.54 - 1.97
Subtotal 25.27 10.87 9.50 6.24 10.30 4.58 2.25 3.60 44.25 60.61 21.54 15.25 1.83
Boreal Shield Treed Mixedwood 14.55 15.11 36.82 9.26 7.91 21.65 21.77 42.09 54.87 61.43 200.0* - 5.15
Non-treed 33.07 41.11 33.22 35.87 28.02 36.01 86.23 70.79 57.64 100.00 100.00 15.63 12.55
Treed Broadleaf 14.73 8.30 9.42 18.50 20.68 17.64 17.77 27.29 87.15 58.66 100.00 - 5.31
Treed Coniferous 13.61 6.89 7.31 11.74 6.24 5.65 5.06 11.94 101.84 51.12 60.80 - 2.64
Subtotal 8.47 5.33 6.07 7.04 4.90 5.23 4.80 10.73 58.05 37.01 75.92 15.63 2.14
Atlantic Maritime Non-treed 65.46 79.34 62.41 55.42 99.95 - - - - - - 24.77 23.70
Treed Mixedwood 15.94 27.03 15.01 12.18 17.65 15.58 123.60 52.33 100.00 98.91 - - 6.83
Treed Broadleaf 11.37 19.74 18.16 18.26 16.50 19.94 65.16 104.16 99.99 98.91 0.00 - 6.95
Treed Coniferous 23.94 20.26 17.64 14.57 26.40 23.15 29.27 41.04 100.00 - - - 8.18
Subtotal 10.14 13.29 9.73 8.37 11.60 11.41 27.01 35.98 60.74 71.91 0.00 24.77 4.27
Mixedwood Plains Treed Mixedwood 33.90 25.44 49.93 33.46 41.67 37.00 194.17 83.57 - - - - 15.74
Treed Coniferous 18.59 57.41 41.73 32.35 49.38 59.68 200.0* 85.63 - - - - 16.33
Non-treed - - - - - - - - - - - 34.41 34.41
Treed Broadleaf 16.55 14.56 46.95 23.56 16.72 42.72 51.12 49.22 99.99 - - - 9.65
Subtotal 11.73 13.70 27.70 17.16 14.90 29.05 50.32 44.67 99.99 - - 34.41 7.25
Boreal Plains Non-treed 42.09 44.40 29.64 28.87 44.49 48.96 67.35 72.90 - - - 16.38 14.00
Treed Coniferous 148.47 51.66 11.51 22.28 22.19 25.09 19.70 38.61 36.52 153.50 107.63 - 8.32
Treed Broadleaf 21.87 28.12 10.31 12.12 21.33 25.58 32.95 38.37 53.16 72.02 - - 6.42
Treed Mixedwood 28.12 28.83 16.31 15.59 17.25 26.36 27.78 63.89 34.39 54.79 100.00 - 7.71
Subtotal 22.23 21.50 7.01 9.86 12.28 15.33 14.68 28.72 31.85 119.68 107.52 16.38 4.33
Prairies Treed Mixedwood 64.58 51.66 103.70 70.87 42.95 85.94 99.99 - - - - - 30.28
Treed Coniferous 49.87 94.35 76.29 42.77 98.34 79.66 99.99 90.69 - - - - 39.85
Treed Broadleaf 12.44 10.10 30.08 14.74 14.51 70.85 - 99.99 - - - - 6.51
Non-treed 51.10 75.47 85.01 - - - - - - - - 27.87 26.74
Subtotal 12.04 9.93 27.77 14.03 14.35 68.95 74.22 89.91 - - - 27.87 6.44
Taiga Cordillera Treed Coniferous 85.84 22.00 68.28 38.30 64.02 6.00 6.08 48.04 69.12 99.99 - - 4.38
Treed Mixedwood 98.30 200.0* 200.0* 97.31 200.0* 12.84 11.84 99.99 99.99 - - - 19.64
Treed Broadleaf 200.0* 200.0* 200.0* 19.93 16.32 99.99 - - - - - - 14.45
Non-treed - 99.40 86.56 56.32 99.68 - - - - - - 70.69 37.65
Subtotal 92.02 22.31 56.46 24.48 32.56 5.80 5.87 45.26 57.82 99.99 - 70.69 4.18
Boreal Cordillera Treed Mixedwood 55.78 19.05 200.0* 45.47 107.97 47.78 39.09 45.91 60.59 69.88 84.24 - 16.42
Treed Coniferous 109.15 16.03 27.50 26.26 11.76 14.16 15.85 19.14 45.64 196.00 25.80 - 6.25
Treed Broadleaf 51.43 21.62 75.04 48.98 21.79 62.54 82.69 70.94 146.25 100.00 94.18 - 16.00
Non-treed 100.00 30.18 28.65 33.36 28.09 27.42 54.43 100.00 100.00 - - 34.01 12.64
Subtotal 38.72 10.09 24.28 18.94 10.61 12.54 14.33 17.40 37.43 99.16 24.22 34.01 5.13
Pacific Maritime Non-treed - - - - - - - - - - 99.99 24.33 24.10
Treed Mixedwood 99.42 200.0* 160.40 131.61 125.39 85.21 89.89 200.0* 64.42 100.27 60.39 - 43.64
Treed Broadleaf 112.28 87.31 80.95 54.79 62.54 45.67 200.0* 56.09 60.71 50.69 38.58 - 23.77
Treed Coniferous 104.50 69.02 67.92 200.0* 47.19 168.41 200.0* 48.23 68.04 72.77 19.02 - 17.30
Subtotal 87.55 63.85 55.88 92.08 37.20 77.29 167.49 43.75 61.33 60.83 18.32 24.33 13.24
Montane Cordillera Treed Broadleaf 76.06 86.54 128.90 78.71 47.27 200.0* 38.84 30.11 93.35 112.87 109.22 - 26.62
Treed Mixedwood 43.97 107.81 61.70 76.86 200.0* 44.56 100.35 24.42 154.96 75.46 111.89 - 23.95
Treed Coniferous 19.70 71.04 200.0* 16.63 49.65 88.57 134.09 24.61 82.39 70.20 46.84 - 13.48
Non-treed 90.93 100.13 - 99.94 83.75 65.14 76.25 79.12 83.23 71.29 74.34 46.90 36.48
Subtotal 18.11 54.37 94.32 15.98 40.45 57.78 79.72 21.33 76.49 61.01 42.91 46.90 11.13
Hudson Plains Treed Mixedwood 67.54 47.76 22.71 29.38 4.66 5.33 100.00 - - - - - 3.47
Non-treed - - - - - 99.99 - - - - - 40.77 40.69
Treed Broadleaf 75.83 41.32 68.62 38.15 39.44 44.07 41.74 - - - - - 25.20
Treed Coniferous 48.77 18.07 14.14 24.48 7.81 4.50 5.60 85.96 93.31 99.99 - - 3.06
Subtotal 46.93 17.53 13.29 19.04 4.01 3.46 5.59 85.96 93.31 99.99 - 40.77 2.31
Canada Treed Mixedwood 9.54 9.36 11.49 6.55 3.56 3.54 6.77 19.80 27.26 36.32 54.44 - 2.24
Non-treed 23.34 21.77 22.49 21.09 19.18 19.34 45.87 45.53 51.44 66.01 69.11 8.17 6.39
Treed Broadleaf 7.69 5.89 5.96 5.82 5.58 8.20 14.97 16.24 41.51 36.61 52.06 - 2.55
Treed Coniferous 9.78 5.13 4.71 4.85 2.41 2.03 1.98 3.79 24.59 40.56 14.06 - 1.10
Total 5.43 3.70 3.54 3.29 1.93 1.79 1.89 3.64 20.34 32.15 13.43 8.17 0.92
Source: Canada's National Forest Inventory, combined remeasured (2007-2017) and projected (2006-2017 with NFI projection system) data, where plots with strong indicators of artificial change are removed. Artificial change between successive plot measurements can be caused by using different image sources, incorporating vintage baseline inventories, and updating photo-interpretation techniques (Version 3.1, November 2025) (http://nfi.nfis.org)
Note: The Arctic ecozones (Arctic Cordillera, Northern Arctic, Southern Arctic), and the Taiga Plains and Hudson Plains ecozones located in Nunavut, are not inventoried. These non-inventoried areas total 262,189.89 thousand ha.
1 Missing or unknown age class.
* When the calculated RSE value is inflated, usually due to the associated change estimate being small (near 0), a cap of 200% is substituted for presentation purposes.